Positive Attention: Non-Contingent Attention

Picture
This intervention is implemented for students who run away to get attention (being chased or the desire for one on one time with an adult). Instead, consistent, positive attention is given to the student while they are “in bounds” or in the expected area.

How to:

Collect data regarding what triggers the behavior, and how the student is rewarded for the elopement. For example, does the student gain attention from peers? Does the student run away when he/she is left alone without adult support? Does the student show success with additional staffing support?

Implementation:
  • Non-contingent attention may vary depending on the student, depending on what type of attention they most desire. Attention is given to the student on a consistent schedule that may vary with age and need, beginning as often as every 30 seconds.
    • Types of attention: specific verbal praise (“Thank you for being in your seat”), eye contact, high fives, or keeping close proximity with the student.
  • When the student does engage in elopement, the behavior is responded to with the least amount of attention possible.
    • Example: Face away from the student, minimize verbal engagement, and guide them towards the appropriate location, where they are given a time out (away from adult and student attention) in a safe place.
    • The student can also benefit from Functional Communication Training (FCT), with a focus on prompts to gain attention, and should be practicing FCT skills as well, to decrease the behavior.
Reference:
Kodak, T., Grow, L., & Northup, J. (2004). Functional analysis and treatment of elopement for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of
       Applied Behavior Analysis, 37(2), 229-232.
Resources:
Marin County SELPA commissioned Dominican University of California’s Department of Special Education to identify evidence-based behavioral practices to support students, teachers, and local schools. In particular, the task was to identify positive, evidence-based classroom practices leading to academic and behavioral success.  
​Dominican University of California is located in Marin County and offers graduate programs that culminate in a Master of Science (MS) in Education degree. These programs are designed for educators and other professionals who are interested in teaching and seek preparation for leadership roles and responsibilities